Wednesday, January 28, 2009

Valentines Day - A Short History

By Mary Smith

There are a dizzying number of legends and stories of the origins of Valentines Day. It may have begun as a feast in ancient Rome, or based on one or two early Christian martyrs. The romantic connection could have begun sometime in the middle ages in the tradition of courtly love with a poem by Geoffery Chaucer. The following are some of the more recognized stories.

Lupercalia was an ancient festival near the city of Rome. It was originally held by shipyards to honor Lupercus, a fertility god around February 13-15. This festival lasted well into Christian times before it was abolished by Pope Gelasius near the end of the 5th century.

Roman Emperor Claudius II was involved in several bloody campaigns and needed more soldiers. The men however, were reluctant to join. Claudius believed the problem was the men didn't want to leave their families and wives. Claudius cancelled all marriages and engagements as a result. Valentine, a local priest, continued to marry couples, however. Valentine's defiance was eventually discovered and he was put to death. Afterwards he was named a Saint.

A poem written by Charles the Duke of Orleans is considered the oldest valentine still in existence. Charles wrote the poem to his wife when imprisoned in the Tower of London. This document is part of the collection of the British Library in London England.

Love and Friendship day is celebrated in much of South America. While similar to the Western Valentine's Day, it often includes acts of appreciation for friends. Boyfriends/Girlfriends day is celebrated in Brazil. Couples exchange gifts, flowers and chocolates on June 12th.

Valentine's Day in both Denmark and Norway is celebrated on February 14th and called Valentinsdag. But the traditions are much less commercial. Valentine traditions in these countries center on having a quiet romantic dinner with their partner or sending a card or a rose to a loved one.

In Iran February 17th is a day for love and called Sepandarmazgan. This day is celebrated much like it is in the West in spice of some governmental restrictions. Younger Iranian boys and girls often buy gifts and celebrate the tradition.

Valentine's Day cards were first mass produced in Worchester, Massachusetts. Esther Howland, daughter of the owner of a book and stationary store was inspired by an English valentine she received. The popularity of St. Valentine's Day increased rapidly shortly thereafter.

Valentine's Day traditions in Western culture call for expressions of love symbolized by cards and gifts. The older tradition of giving Valentines Day cards has been slowly expanded to gifts of all kinds over the past several decades. Traditional gifts include flowers, especially roses, and chocolates, often in a heart-shaped box. - 15432

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